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1 goill
distorted face, angry face, grin, blubber lipl cf. Irish gailleóg, a blow on the cheek, Gaelic gailleag. Cf. for root Greek $$Ghei$$nlos, lip, $$G*heslos = Sanskrit ghas, eat, swallow. -
2 dearc
I.behold, see, Irish dearcaim, Old Irish dercaim, video, derc, eye, *derkô, I see, perfect *dedorka (cf. chunnairc = con-darc Indo-European derk, see; Greek $$G dérkomai, $$G dédorka, have seen; Old High German zoraht, bright; Sanskrit darç, see.II.dearc, dearcaga berry, so Irish, Old Irish derc, *derkes-, Sanskrit drâkshâ, grape, vine (Stokes); root derk, see, the idea being "conspicuous". Cf. Greek $$G drákwn, dragon, $$G dorkás, gazelle, from the root derk, see. See dearc, behold. The Old Irish derucc, g. dercon, glans, is, like German eichel, glans (from eiche, oak), from the root of darach, oak ( Zimmer).III.dearc, dearc-luachracha lizad, Irish earcluachra, the " earc of the rashes", Middle Irish erc, speckled, red, Irish earc, salmon, Welsh erch, fuscus, darkish, *erko-s, for perko-; Greek $$G perknós, dark-blue, $$G pérkc, a perch; Sanskrit pr$$.çnis, speckled; German forelle, a trout, Old High German forhanna. For meaning, cf. breac, a trout, "the speckled one". The d of Gaelic dearc belongs to the article. -
3 ùrlar
a floor, lowest part, Irish urlár: *air-lár, from làr, floor, q.v. irnigde, irnichte: *are-nakô, I strive for, root nak, enk, as in thig? Zimmer gives the root i$$gh, desire, Greek $$Gi$$'hana$$nn, desire, Lithuanian igiju, strive after, Sanskrit îh, long for, dividing it into *air-con-ig (*air-in-ig?). Old ?Irish arnigim: ig = Greek $$Gi$$'har; arn = *paran, Greek pará ( St. Zeit. 36). -
4 καπνός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `smoke, steam' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. ka-pi-ni-ja.Compounds: Compp., e. g. καπνο-δόκη ` flue (of a chimney' (IA.), δύσ-καπνος ` with an unpleasant smoke' (A., Thphr.).Derivatives: Subst. 1. κάπνη (Com.), short form of καπνοδόκη; also = καπνιαῖος λίθος ( PHolm.; s. below); 2. καπνία for κάπνη (Moer. 292, Gloss.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 56); 3. καπνίας m. name a) of a wine, that got a special taste from smoke (Com.), b) a kind of jasper, = καπνίτης, from the colour (Dsc., Plin.), c) of the poet Ekphantides (Ar. V. 151; ` διὰ τὸ μηδεν λαμπρὸν γράφειν' H.). 4. καπνίτης m. name of a stone, from the colour (Alex. Trall.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 55), καπνῖτις f. plant name, `fumitory, Fumaria officinalis', from the smoke-coloured leaves (Ps.-Dsc.), also called κάπνιος and καπνός (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 27, Redard 72). - Adject. 5. κάπνε(ι)ος (sc. ἄμπελος) f. `vine with smoke-coloured grapes' (Arist., Thphr., pap.); 6. καπνώδης `smokey, smoke-coloured' (Arist., Thphr., Plb.); 7. καπνηλός ` smoke-like' (Nic. Th. 54); 8. καπνιαῖος λίθος ` smoke-coloured quarz' ( PHolm.). - Denomin. verbs. 1. καπνίζω, aor. καπνίσ(σ)αι, also with prefix, ἀπο-, περι-, ὑπο-, `smoke, make smoke, be smoke-coloured' (Il.) with κάπνισις `exposure to smoke' (Arist.), κάπνισμα ` incense' (AP), καπνιστήριον `steam-bath?' (Priene); 2. καπνόομαι `vanish into smoke' (Pi., E.); 3. καπνιάω `smoke a bee-hive' (A. R. 2, 131), after θυμιάω; 4. καπνείω `let vanish into smoke, burn' (Nic. Th. 36). - Beside καπνός there is an aorist ἀπὸ ( δε ψυχην) ἐκάπυσσεν `breathe forth' (Χ 467; κάπυσσεν Q. S. 6, 523), with the present καπύσσων ἐκπνέων H.; the supposed basis seems preserved in κάπυς πνεῦμα H. (also κάπος ψυχή, πνεῦμα). Uncertain is the gloss, given in the wrong place, καπυκτά πνέοντα H.; connected with καπύσσων?, cf ἀλύω (s.v.) with ἀλύσσω s. The stem with υ- also in καπυρός `dry etc.', s. v.; uncertain is κέκηφε τέθνηκε H., κεκαφηότα (Hom.), s. v.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: An original *κϜαπ-νός (see Schwyzer 302; and s. below), but note that Myc. does not have a w, agrees with Lith. kvãpas `breath, smell'; beside it with ē-vowel kvėpiù,kvẽpti `gasp, breathe', Latv. kvêpstu, kvêpt `smoke, smell'; καπνός a. cogn. then seem to go back on IE. ku̯ep-. An old question is whether Lat. vapor `vapour, smoke' with v- for expected qu- is cognate. On the other hand Russ. kópotь `fine soot, dust' etc. presents a u̯-less form, which cannot be explained from Slavic. Finally Germ., e. g. Goth. af- ƕapjan `suffocate, extinguish', af- ƕapnan `extinguish' show a root-final p for f (b). "Man hat somit in den verschiedenen Sprachen mit zahlreichen, nicht unerwarteten Entgleisungen zu rechnen. (Frisk)" - More forms in Pok. 596f.; cf. W.-Hofmann s. vapor, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kvẽpti, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kópotь. S. also Bq. - Schrijver (Laryng. in Latin, 260f.) assumed a laryngeal for Latvian, and posited * kuh₂ep-, a rare type that is perhaps impossible; also it is uncertain that this gave *κϜαπ-. IE origin, then, is improbable. * kap- is unprobelematic for Pre-Greek; an u-stem ( κάπυς) is frequent in Pre-Greek (s. Heubeck, Praegraeca 31-39), as is a suffix n- after consonant (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes). The Baltic (and Slavic) forms, and Lat. vapor are unclear, and may come form a substr. language. (I do not assume * kʷap-, as this would give *κ(ϝ)οπ-, cf. ἄλοξ, καλαῦροψ.)Page in Frisk: 1,781-782Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καπνός
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5 ionann
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6 bian
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7 tàl
adze, Irish, Old Irish tál: *to-aglo- (rather t-aglo-?), Gothic aqisi, axe, English axe (Strachan). Stokes gives a pre-Gaelic *tâkslo, root tek, Church Slavonic tesla, axe, Latin gelum (= tex-lum), weapon, Greek $$G téktwn, carpenter; but tek does not appear to have a side form tâk, and tâkslo- would produce táll ( tôkslo, Foy). But cf. Latin pâla, spade, for root, and for phonetics Gaelic torc and Latin porcus. -
8 crè
I.clay, Irish, Old Irish cré, g. criad, Welsh pridd, Cornish, Breton pry. Its relation to Latin crêta, which Wharton explains as from crêtus, "sifted", from cerno, is doubtful. If cerno be for *crino, Greek $$G krínw, we should have the root kri, krei, separate, as in criathar, and it is not labialised in any language ( not qrei). The Celtic phonetics are not easily explained, however. Stokes gives the stem as qreid-, but the modern Gaelic has the peculiar è sound which we find in gnè, cè. This points to a stem qre$$--jâ, root qrê, which is in agreement with Latin crêta without doing the violence of supposing crino to give cerno, and this again crêtus. Cf. Old Irish clé, left.II.crè, creubhbody; See creubh. -
9 gamhainn
a year-old calf, a stirk, Irish gamhuin, a calf, Early Irish gamuin, pl.g. gamna, year-old calf; from gam, winter: "winter-old". For root, see geamhradh. Confirmed by the proverb: "Oidhche Shamhna, theirear gamhna ris na laoigh" - On Hallowe'en the calves are called stirks. Similarly and from the same root are Norse gymbr, a year-old ewe lamb, Scottish gimmer, Greek $$G hímaros, a yearling goat (Dor.). Hence gamhnach, farrow cow. -
10 iarr
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11 lios
a garden, Irish lios, a fort, habitation, Early Irish liss, less, enclosure, habitation, Welsh llys, aula, palatium, Breton les, court, Old Breton lis: *l$$.sso-s, a dwelling enclosed by an earthen wall, root plet, broad, English place, Greek $$G platús, broad; Old High German flezzi, house floor, Norse flet, a flat. For root, See leathan. -
12 dreathan
dreathan-donn, dreathan -
13 dreathan-donn
dreathan-donn, dreathanEtymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > dreathan-donn
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14 naoidhean
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15 gar
I.Iwarm, Irish goraim, Old Irish gorim, Breton gor, burning, Welsh gwrês, heat: *gorô, I warm; Greek $$G qeros, summer heat, $$G qermós, warm, English thermo-meter; Latin furnus, oven, furnace; Church Slavonic gorêti, burn; further English warm (Indo-European *$$gh$$+uormo-, Teutonic gwarm).IIII.gar, gair, gaire -
16 grunn
grunn, grunnan -
17 grunnan
grunn, grunnan -
18 cobhair
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19 colainn
colann, colainn -
20 colann
colann, colainn
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